三大子句

作者:陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

三大子句

一、名詞子句

(一)引導名詞子句的連接詞

1.從屬連接詞:that, whether, if(是否)

2.疑問代名詞:what, which , who∕whom∕whose

3.疑問副詞:when, where, why, how

4.複合關係代名詞:what, whoever, whomever, whosever

(二)名詞子句的功用

作主詞:

That the earth is round is true.

(地球為圓的是真實的。)

作受詞:

Do you know where Tom lives?

(你知道Tom住在那裏嗎?)

→「作及物動詞know的受詞」

作補語:

My opinion is that you should not go alone.

(我的意見是你不應單獨前往。)

→〔作主詞opinion的補語〕

作同位語:       

I don’t like the idea that money is everything.

(金錢就是一切,這種觀點我不喜歡。)

 →〔作受詞idea的同位語〕

(三)名詞子句的字序

試比較下列各句:

含有疑問詞的疑問句

名詞子句

Where does he live?

What did she say?

→I don’t know where he lives.

→Do you know what she said?

Who is she?

What time is it?

→I wonder who she is.

→Tell me what time it is.

Where is he?

Will she come?

→Where he is unknown to me.

→Whether she will come or not is unimportant to me.

(四)that在名詞子句的用法

1.在下列情形that通常不省略:

作主詞:   

It is certain that he will succeed.(他一定會成功。)

作主詞補語:   

The problem is that I am short of money.(問題是我缺錢。)

作同位語:       

He told me the news that our team had won the race.

(他告訴我的消息是,我們的隊已獲勝這場比賽。)

2.下列情形that常省略:

作動詞的受詞:      

Do you think (that) it will rain tomorrow?

(你認為明天會下雨嗎?)

置於形容詞之後:   

I’m glad (that) you passed the math examination.

(我很高興你通過數學考試了。)

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